Smoking is harmful to health

As we all know, smoking is harmful to health! In fact, smoking not only affects one's health, but also affects the health of the people and family members. World Health Organization published a survey report in the medical journal "Needle", statistical analysis pointed out that secondhand smoke caused 600,000 deaths each year, half of them women, men and children. In addition to the 5.1 million people dying of smoking-related diseases, the total annual death toll from tobacco consumption exceeds 5.7 million.

Smokers have a greater chance of developing cancer, especially lung cancer, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. In addition, second-hand smoke inhaled into the environment will also increase the chances of lung cancer, heart disease and respiratory symptoms. Pregnant women on the fetus will have a negative impact on smoking.

The WHO fellows, based on data from 2004, divided 192 countries into 14 regions and divided children and non-smokers into two groups. Then, they studied the rates of different diseases in the two groups. The results show that 40% of the global non-smokers, 35% of women and 33% of men exposed to second-hand smoke environment, increased risk of suffering from the following diseases:


Number of sick people
Heart disease 379,000
Lower respiratory tract disease 165,000
Asthma 36,900
Lung cancer 21,400
The total number of 602,300


Smoking releases harmful substances
Tobacco, when it is burned, emits smoke that contains harmful substances such as tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide. However, there are more than 7,000 chemical substances (such as mountain anemone and arsenic, etc.) found in the seemingly ordinary smog. Among them, the least There are 69 kinds of carcinogens (such as: nitrosamines, acetaldehyde, chromium, etc.), these toxins into the body will destroy various organs, so seriously damaged health!

Various diseases caused by smoking

cancer
 The leading cause of cancer in cigarettes comes from tar, and smoking is also responsible for a number of lethal cancers:

• Lung cancer
• Oral and throat cancer
• Esophageal cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Bladder cancer and kidney cancer
• Pancreatic cancer
• Gastric cancer
• Liver cancer
• Blood cancer

Smokers have a 900% (10-fold) chance of developing lung cancer than non-smokers, and smokers with larger smokers have a 1400% (15-25-fold) chance of developing lung cancer.

Cardiovascular diseases
Carbon monoxide in the smoke reduces blood oxygen carrying capacity and the heart needs more energy to supply enough oxygen. Nicotine affects the nervous system, accelerating the heartbeat and vasoconstriction, which in turn causes blood pressure to rise. Increased blood cholesterol and fibrinogen, which is likely to cause blood clots blocking blood vessels, causing myocardial infarction and heart disease.
Cardiovascular diseases include coronary heart disease (CHD), aneurysm, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), stroke and more.

Respiratory diseases
Smoking will make the bronchial accumulation of toxic substances, impede the body's inhalation of the normal exhaled air, but also cause the lungs to burst, leading to breathing difficulties.
Severe cases of emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Reproductive system diseases
Smoking can affect men's and women's sexual function, fertility, maternal, fetal and child health:

Male sexual function
 Smoking reduces hormone secretion, thus slowing down the reaction of the reproductive organs, giving impotence a higher chance of being impotent than non-smokers.
Studies indicate that smokers aged 31-49 are 1.5 times more likely to develop impotence than non-smokers. Smoking men aged 40-70 suffer from moderate to severe impotence up to twice as much as non-smoking men.

Fertility
Smoking directly reduced men's ability to make normal sperm counts, smokers had fewer sperm on average than non-smokers, and sperm deformity rates (with no normal motility) were higher than those who did not.
 The toxins in the smoke damage the Y chromosome in the sperm and affect the sex of the fetus.
 Declining fertility of female smokers The study also pointed out that non-smokers had a 38% chance of conception in the first week and smokers only 28%. Compared to non-smokers, 3.4 times smokers take more than a year to successfully conceive.
Female smokers have 28% lower fertility than non-smokers.

Smoking and oral contraceptive pills
 Simultaneous use of oral contraceptive pills for female smokers will increase the risk of stroke, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases by 10-fold, and women over the age of 45 are at greater risk.

Fetal development and birth weight
 Pregnant women who smoke during pregnancy can cause a baby to lose weight, about 200 grams less (8 ounces). The more mothers smoke during pregnancy, the less weight a baby will be born. And these infants are not only weaker but also have a higher risk of developing serious illnesses and even higher rates of sudden death in one year.
Studies show that smoking can reduce the oxygen content of the mother's body, the placental oxygen content will be reduced.

Abortion
 Female smokers have 10 times more spontaneous abortions than non-smokers.
 Infant mortality from smoking pregnant women (one week after birth in infants) is one third higher than in non-smoking pregnant women.
 Smoking pregnant women have a greater chance of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. For example, increasing the position of the placenta to move toward the uterine cervix to cause bleeding and early placental dissection may also reduce the secretion of breast milk.

Baby health and growth
 Smoking in the home affects the physical growth and intellectual development of infants (eg shorter height, weaker reading and math skills).
 Babies have a two-fold chance of getting a serious respiratory illness.
 Pregnancy smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of asthma in infants up to 2.8 years old by one year of age. It also causes the baby to have a risk of jaw cleft and colic.

Smoking and menopause
Menopause of smokers average 2 to 3 years earlier on average. People who smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day have a higher chance of early menopause.

Increase the risk of suffering from different diseases

eye
 The chemical components of cigarettes can damage the macula (the most sensitive part of the retina) of the retina, stimulating microvascular proliferation and causing maculopathy.

Bones and muscles
 Lower female bone mineral density leads to increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Women who make menopause earlier are more prone to osteoporosis. Studies show that female smokers have a 50% higher risk of developing osteoporosis than non-smokers.
 Smoking can make the smoker's fracture recovery longer than non-smokers.
Smoker's muscle strength, agility and balance are poor.

Skin and hair
 Nicotine has a contractile effect on the skin and blood vessels, leaving smokers with loose and wrinkled skin on the face. The wrinkles of 40-year-old smokers are comparable to those of 60-year-old nonsmokers.
 Smoking ten minutes has been able to reduce the amount of oxygen in the body and skin for nearly an hour to accelerate the aging process.
 Smoking can inhibit the proliferation of collagen, affecting skin elasticity.
 Male smokers had nearly twice as many bald people in early years as non-smokers, and three to six times as many cases of early white hair.

What is secondhand smoke?
 Second-hand Smoke or Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) is a mixture of smoke from cigarettes, pipes or cigars, as well as from smokers when exhaled.

Ingredients and characteristics
Secondhand smoke contains over 4,000 chemical species and gases, some of which are at higher concentrations than mainstream smoke smoked by smokers. Nearly 85% of smoke in the indoor smoking area consists of "tributary smoke".
 secondhand smoke also includes tar, nicotine, benzopyrene and other particles, as well as toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, acrolein and so on. The substance of these cigarette smoke has even been shown to be irritating or classified as a carcinogen.

Instant body effects
 eye irritation, headache, cough, sore throat, dizziness and nausea;
 Lung function in adults with asthma is significantly reduced; children with initial asthma can also be caused by secondhand smoke at home;
 Exposure to second-hand smoke for 30 minutes reduces heart blood flow.

Long-term health effects
 Persons exposed to secondhand smoke over a long period of time have a higher risk of smoking-related diseases than smokers
 Fetus increase the chance of spontaneous abortion, baby born light or pregnancy shorter, greater chance of suffering from sudden infant death syndrome, cognitive and behavioral development on the adverse effects.
 Respiratory system - lung function is damaged to a certain extent, lung development is delayed and slowed down; risk of developing respiratory diseases and irritation such as cough, excess mucus secretion and wheezing is higher than that of children and suffering from otitis media Opportunity doubled, cystic fibrosis symptoms worse.
Affect the blood vessels and heart health, increased risk of heart disease and stroke
 Cancer - Secondhand smoke can cause lung cancer in non-smokers. Secondhand smoke has been designated as one of the causes of lung cancer by the US Environmental Protection Agency and classified as Class A carcinogen, increasing the risk of cancer.

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source:
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014 SURGEON GENERAL'S REPORT: THE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF SMOKING-50 YEARS OF PROGRESS
THE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF SMOKING: A REPORT OF THE SURGEON GENERAL (2004)
HOW TOBACCO SMOKE CAUSES DISEASE: THE BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL BASIS FOR SMOKING-ATTRIBUTABLE DISEASE: A REPORT OF THE SURGEON GENERAL (2010)
World Health Organization
IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS VOLUME 83 TOBACCO SMOKE AND INVOLUNTARY SMOKING
JONATHAN P. WINICKOFF, JOAN FRIEBELY, SUSANNE E. TANSKI, CHERYL SHERROD, GEORG E. MATT, MELBOURNE F. HOVELL AND ROBERT C. MCMILLEN. BELIEFS ABOUT THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF "THIRDHAND" SMOKE AND HOME SMOKING BANS. PEDIATRICS 2009; 123 ; E74-E79

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